AEG-101: Introductory Soil and Water Conservation Engineering

Dr. K.C. Shashidhar

Ph.D.(Civil Engg.),Ph.D.(Sciences), M.Sc.,(Soil&water Conservation Engg.), M.S.(Counseling and Psychotherapy), MA(Kannada), PGDMM,PGDAEM, PGDNGOM, DCSA,PRS, GDC, CIC, AIME

Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture

University of Agricultural Sciences, Shivamogga

shashidhar.kumbar@gmail.com 9448103268

1. Lecture Schedule (Theory; one hour per week)

Week	Topic	Details
1	Introduction to Soil and water Conservation	Importance, History, Terminologies in soil and water conservation (Conservation, Soil and water conservation Engineering, Soil conservation, Water conservation),
2	Causes of Soil erosion	Natural, Man-made, Geological/ accelerated erosion, Hydrological cycle, Precipitation, Annual Precipitation, Rain gauge- recording and non-recording types.
3	Definition and agents of soil erosion,	Wind and water Factors affecting water erosion, process of runoff, Definition, Runoff, Virgin flow, over land flow, Stream flow, Subsurface flow, Ground water flow, Direct runoff, Channel precipitation, Base flow, Precipitation excess, Effective precipitation, Depth of runoff, Factors affecting runoff Climate, Precipitation characteristics- Amount, Intensity Duration Distribution, Direction, Temperature, Humidity, Wind velocity Watershed characteristics-Geological of the catchments, Size and shape of the catchments, Topography, Drainage pattern Vegetation Runoff Estimation, Infiltration Method and Rational method. Rational method of estimating runoff Q=0.0276CIA Assumptions in Rational formula Time of concentration definition and empirical formula., Tc = 0.0195 L 0.77S-0.385 Use graph for converting the 1 hour rainfall intensities to intensities at other duration.
4	Forms of Water Erosion	Soil Erosion, causes of soil erosion, Forms of water erosion, Raindrop/splash erosion, Sheet, Rill, Gully, stream channel erosion, mass movement, Factors affecting soil erosion by water, Mechanics of soil erosion by water.
5	Gully classification and control measures	Gully and its classification, Effects of gully erosion, Temporary gully control structure- temporary check dams, brush dams, semi-permanent dams, loose rock dams, log dams, Permanent gully control structures (design not included)- check dams, flumes/chutes,
6	Soil loss estimation by Universal Soil Loss Equation	USLE, Applications and Limitations of USLE, RKLSCP, Definitions-Soil Erosivity, Erodibility, Applications of USLE
7	Soil loss measurement techniques	Sediment yield, Sediment sampler, Sample types, Discharge proportionate samplers
8	Principles of Erosion Control	Rain drop impact/Reducing length of slope/
9	Introduction to contouring-Contour cultivation	Contour Key line, A frame, U-tube to establish contour key line, Advantages of contour cultivation
10	Agronomic Measures	Strip Cropping-Buffer strip/Contour strip/Field strip cropping- Mulching/Tillage/
11	Contour Bund including design	Design based on Matching Storage area required and design storage area. Computation of Runoff by Infiltration method. Horizontal and Vertical interval- VI Computation VI=(XS*Y)0.3 formula is used. Side Slope, Seepage line slope, top width, Bottom width, Height of the bund computation.
12	Graded Bund including design	Computation of peak rate of runoff by Rational (Q=0.0276CIA) formula and Tc=0.0195L0.77S-0.385 relation is used and Nomograph is used for I computation. Then Bund designed with assuming D, Computed velocity with Manning's formula and comparing output velocity with Velocity limits of the soil and finally Q=AV and comparing this with Peak rate of runoff
13	Bench terracing including design	Types of bench terraces-level bench, inward sloping and outward sloping bench terraces. Only Design principles like depth of cutting, bench width(Complete design is not Included)
14	Grassed water way including design	Computing Peak rate of runoff (Q=0.0276CIA) and by considering erosive velocity limits working out cross sectional are by using Q=AV relation and determining channel grade by using manning’s formula.
15	Water Harvesting and its techniques	Water Harvesting, Recycling of Harvested water, Design calculations pond used Q=1.04LH3/2 Decision on storage capacity,
16	Wind Erosion	Mechanics of wind erosion, types of soil movement
17	Principles of wind erosion control and its control measure
18	Layout of conservation structures
19	Layout of conservation structures
20	One session of quiz
21	Final Exam

2. Reference Text available in the library for the course

1. A.M. Michael and T.P. Ojha 2010, Agricultural Engineering Published Jain Brothers New Delhi
2. Arora, K. 1990. Surveying – Vol. 1. Standard Book House, New Delhi.
3. Basak, N.N. 1994. Surveying and leveling. Tata Mc-Graw hill publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
4. Kanetkar, I.P. & S.V. Kulkarni. 1984. Surveying & Levelling Part –I, Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune.
5. Narinder Singh. 1992.Surveying. Tata Mc-Graw hill publishing company limited, New Delhi.
6. B.M.Chittapur and K.C.Shashidhar 2003, Dryland Agriculture Published by University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
7. A.S.Kumaraswamy and K.C.Shashidhar 1995 Drip irrigation(In Kannada) Published by Krishi Kirana, Shimoga
8. A.M.Michael Irrigation Theory and Practices
9. Elimelech Sapir and Eliezer Yagev 1995 Drip Irrigation Published by Centre for International Development Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture , State of Israel
10. K.C.Shashidhar, 2014, Nerethonabanni (In Kannada) Published by AREEDS, Shimoga
11. Rajegouda M.B. and Shashidhar K.C. Rainfall and its measurement Published by UAS Bangalore

12. Shashidhar K.C. 2003 Jalanayana Samgra Abhivrudhi Published by Kannada Sahithya Parishathu, Bangalore

2. Lecture Schedule (Practical; two hour per week) Submission of record should be done every week, soon after completing previous week practical exercises. Record should be written on A4 white sheets and filed properly to be intact before submission. Incomplete submission is treated as not submitted intime.

   Week	Topic	Exercises	Record Submission date
   1	General Status of Soil Conservation in India	Collect Latest Statistics about Soil erosion and Soil conservation initiatives in the state and country. Write your interpretations.
   2	Calculation of Erosion Index	Calculate the Erosion Index of given Rainfall Chart
   3	Estimation of Soil Loss	Learning Skills-soil loss computation and document the same
   4	Estimation of Soil Loss	Computing Soil loss
   5	Measurement of Soil loss	Study of soil loss measurement in the field and document the same
   6	Levelling simple techniques- A Frame and U-tube	Skill leaning-Practice in the field and draw a contour line using these tools
   7	Instrumentation for Contour Survey	Document instruments used and care & maintenance
   8	Instrumentation for Contour Survey	Document instruments used and care & maintenance
   9	Dumpy level and its temporary adjustment	Document and learn Skills
   10	Contour survey of a given area	Field survey and data recording
   11	Preparation of Contour map manual and computer aided mapping	Prepare contour map of surveyed area
   12	Study of Contour Maps	Write interpretation to given contour map
   13	Design of Grassed water ways	Design for given are and document
   14	Design of Contour bunds	Design for given are and document
   15	Design of Contour bunds	Design for given are and document
   16	Design of graded bunds	Design for given are and document
   17	Design of graded bunds	Design for given are and document
   18	Design of bench terracing System	Design for given are and document
   19	Problem on wind erosion	Document for the given area
   20	Visit to model watershed	Campus/Local watershed
   21	Practical Examination