Monday, February 24, 2020

AEG-101: Introductory Soil and Water Conservation Engineering

Dr. K.C. Shashidhar
Ph.D.(Civil Engg.),Ph.D.(Sciences), M.Sc.,(Soil&water Conservation Engg.), M.S.(Counseling and Psychotherapy), MA(Kannada), PGDMM,PGDAEM, PGDNGOM, DCSA,PRS, GDC, CIC, AIME
Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture
University of Agricultural Sciences, Shivamogga

  1. Lecture Schedule (Theory; one hour per week)

Week
Topic
Details
1
Importance, History, Terminologies in soil and water conservation (Conservation, Soil and water conservation Engineering, Soil conservation, Water conservation),
2
Natural, Man-made, Geological/ accelerated erosion, Hydrological cycle, Precipitation, Annual Precipitation, Rain gauge- recording and non-recording types.
3
Wind and water
    1. Factors affecting water erosion, process of runoff, Definition, Runoff, Virgin flow, over land flow, Stream flow, Subsurface flow, Ground water flow, Direct runoff, Channel precipitation, Base flow, Precipitation excess, Effective precipitation, Depth of runoff, Factors affecting runoff
Climate, Precipitation characteristics- Amount, Intensity Duration Distribution, Direction, Temperature, Humidity, Wind velocity
Watershed characteristics-Geological of the catchments, Size and shape of the catchments, Topography, Drainage pattern
Vegetation
Runoff Estimation, Infiltration Method and Rational method. Rational method of estimating runoff Q=0.0276CIA
Assumptions in Rational formula
Time of concentration definition and empirical formula., Tc = 0.0195 L 0.77S-0.385
Use graph for converting the 1 hour rainfall intensities to intensities at other duration.
4
Soil Erosion, causes of soil erosion, Forms of water erosion, Raindrop/splash erosion, Sheet, Rill, Gully, stream channel erosion, mass movement, Factors affecting soil erosion by water, Mechanics of soil erosion by water.
5
Gully and its classification, Effects of gully erosion, Temporary gully control structure- temporary check dams, brush dams, semi-permanent dams, loose rock dams, log dams, Permanent gully control structures (design not included)- check dams, flumes/chutes,
6
Soil loss estimation by Universal Soil Loss Equation
USLE, Applications and Limitations of USLE, RKLSCP, Definitions-Soil Erosivity, Erodibility, Applications of USLE
7
Sediment yield, Sediment sampler, Sample types, Discharge proportionate samplers
8
Rain drop impact/Reducing length of slope/
9
Contour Key line, A frame, U-tube to establish contour key line, Advantages of contour cultivation
10
Strip Cropping-Buffer strip/Contour strip/Field strip cropping- Mulching/Tillage/
11
Design based on Matching Storage area required and design storage area. Computation of Runoff by Infiltration method. Horizontal and Vertical interval- VI Computation VI=(XS*Y)0.3 formula is used. Side Slope, Seepage line slope, top width, Bottom width, Height of the bund computation.
12
Computation of peak rate of runoff by Rational (Q=0.0276CIA) formula and Tc=0.0195L0.77S-0.385 relation is used and Nomograph is used for I computation. Then Bund designed with assuming D, Computed velocity with Manning's formula and comparing output velocity with Velocity limits of the soil and finally Q=AV and comparing this with Peak rate of runoff
13
Types of bench terraces-level bench, inward sloping and outward sloping bench terraces. Only Design principles like depth of cutting, bench width(Complete design is not Included)
14
Computing Peak rate of runoff (Q=0.0276CIA) and by considering erosive velocity limits working out cross sectional are by using Q=AV relation and determining channel grade by using manning’s formula.
15
Water Harvesting and its techniques
Water Harvesting, Recycling of Harvested water, Design calculations pond used
Q=1.04LH3/2
Decision on storage capacity,
16
Mechanics of wind erosion, types of soil movement
17

18
Layout of conservation structures

19
Layout of conservation structures

20
One session of quiz

21
Final Exam


    1. Reference Text available in the library for the course

  1. A.M. Michael and T.P. Ojha 2010, Agricultural Engineering Published Jain Brothers New Delhi
  2. Arora, K. 1990. Surveying – Vol. 1. Standard Book House, New Delhi.
  3. Basak, N.N. 1994. Surveying and leveling. Tata Mc-Graw hill publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
  4. Kanetkar, I.P. & S.V. Kulkarni. 1984. Surveying & Levelling Part –I, Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune.
  5. Narinder Singh. 1992.Surveying. Tata Mc-Graw hill publishing company limited, New Delhi.
  6. B.M.Chittapur and K.C.Shashidhar 2003, Dryland Agriculture Published by University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
  7. A.S.Kumaraswamy and K.C.Shashidhar 1995 Drip irrigation(In Kannada) Published by Krishi Kirana, Shimoga
  8. A.M.Michael Irrigation Theory and Practices
  9. Elimelech Sapir and Eliezer Yagev 1995 Drip Irrigation Published by Centre for International Development Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture , State of Israel
  10. K.C.Shashidhar, 2014, Nerethonabanni (In Kannada) Published by AREEDS, Shimoga
  11. Rajegouda M.B. and Shashidhar K.C. Rainfall and its measurement Published by UAS Bangalore
12. Shashidhar K.C. 2003 Jalanayana Samgra Abhivrudhi Published by Kannada Sahithya Parishathu, Bangalore
  1. Lecture Schedule (Practical; two hour per week) Submission of record should be done every week, soon after completing previous week practical exercises. Record should be written on A4 white sheets and filed properly to be intact before submission. Incomplete submission is treated as not submitted intime.

    Week
    Topic
    Exercises
    Record Submission date
    1
    General Status of Soil Conservation in India
    Collect Latest Statistics about Soil erosion and Soil conservation initiatives in the state and country. Write your interpretations.

    2
    Calculation of Erosion Index
    Calculate the Erosion Index of given Rainfall Chart

    3
    Estimation of Soil Loss
    Learning Skills-soil loss computation and document the same

    4
    Estimation of Soil Loss
    Computing Soil loss

    5
    Measurement of Soil loss
    Study of soil loss measurement in the field and document the same

    6
    Levelling simple techniques- A Frame and U-tube
    Skill leaning-Practice in the field and draw a contour line using these tools
    7
    Instrumentation for Contour Survey
    Document instruments used and care & maintenance

    8
    Instrumentation for Contour Survey
    Document instruments used and care & maintenance

    9
    Dumpy level and its temporary adjustment
    Document and learn Skills

    10
    Contour survey of a given area
    Field survey and data recording

    11
    Preparation of Contour map manual and computer aided mapping
    Prepare contour map of surveyed area

    12
    Study of Contour Maps
    Write interpretation to given contour map

    13
    Design of Grassed water ways
    Design for given are and document

    14
    Design of Contour bunds
    Design for given are and document

    15
    Design of Contour bunds
    Design for given are and document

    16
    Design of graded bunds
    Design for given are and document

    17
    Design of graded bunds
    Design for given are and document

    18
    Design of bench terracing System
    Design for given are and document

    19
    Problem on wind erosion
    Document for the given area

    20
    Visit to model watershed
    Campus/Local watershed

    21
    Practical Examination


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